internet history

A. The Internet1.Pengertian InternetThe Internet can be interpreted as broad and large computer networks worldwide, namelyconnecting computer users from one country to another around the world,where in it there is a variety of information resources ranging from the staticto a dynamic and interactive.2. History of the InternetHere's the history of the emergence and development of the Internet.Intenet history began in 1969 when the U.S. Department of Defense, U.S.Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) decided toconducted research on how to connect a computerthus forming an organic network. This research program known asARPANET. In 1970, already more than 10 computers are successfully connected to oneanother so that they can communicate with each other and form a network.In 1972, Roy Tomlinson managed to complete the e-mail program that he createda year ago for the ARPANET. E-mail program is so easy that a directbecame popular. In the same year, the icon was also introduced as the symbol @important to show the "at" or "on". In 1973, ARPANET computer networkbegan to be developed outside the United States. Computer University College in Londonis the first computer that are outside the United States who are members of the networkArpanet. In the same year, two computer experts that Vinton Cerf and BobKahn presented a larger idea, which became the forerunnerthought the internet. This idea was presented for the first time at the University of Sussex.The next historic day is dated March 26, 1976, when the Queen of England successfullysend e-mails from the Royal Signals and Radar Establishment at Malvern. One yearthen, has more than 100 computers are joined to form the ARPANETa network or network. In 1979, Tom Truscott, Jim Ellis and Steve Bellovin,created the first-named newsgroups USENET. In 1981 FranceTelecom creates a buzz with the launch of the first television telephone, wherepeople can call each other while associated with the video link.Because the computers that form a network of daily increasing, thenrequired a formal protocol that is recognized by all networks. In 1982formed or TCP Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol or IP that weknow all. Meanwhile in Europe emerging counterculture computer network knownwith Eunet, which provides computer network services in the countries of the Netherlands,Britain, Denmark and Sweden. Eunet network providing e-mail and newsgroupsUSENET.To homogenize the address on an existing computer network, then in 1984domain name system was introduced, which now we are familiar with DNS or DomainName System. Computer connected to the existing network already exceeds1000 more computers. In 1987 the number of computers connected to the networksoared 10-fold manjadi 10,000 more.In 1988, Jarko Oikarinen of Finland found and also introducesIRC or Internet Relay Chat. One year later, the number of computers that arereconnect soared 10-fold within a year. No less than 100,000now form a computer network. 1990 is the year's mosthistoric, when Tim Berners Lee to find a program editors and browsers canroam from one computer to another computer, which formthat network. The program is called www, or Worl Wide Web.In 1992, computers that are connected to form a network has been exceededa million computers, and in the same year the term surfing the internet. Year1994, the website has grown into a 3000 page address, and for the firsttime virtual-shopping or e-retailer appears on the internet. The world changed. InYahoo! was founded the same year, also at the same time the birth of Netscape Navigator1.0.3. Benefits of the InternetIn general there are many benefits to be gained if the person hasaccess to the internet. Here's some of what's available on the internet: 1. Informationfor private life: health, recreation, hobbies, personal development, spiritual,the social. 2. Information for professional life / work: science, technology, trade,stocks, commodities, business news, professional associations, business associations, various forumsof communication.One of the most interesting thing is that membership of the Internet knows no national boundaries,race, economic class, ideological or other factors which normally inhibitsexchange of thoughts. The Internet is a world community that is verydemocratic and have a code of ethics that all members are respected. BenefitInternet mainly obtained through the cooperation between individuals or groups withoutboundaries of distance and time.To further improve the quality of human resources in Indonesia, it's timeIndonesia professionals network utilizing the Internet and become part ofthe world information society.B. Web Site or the Site1.Pengertian Web Site or the SiteThe site can be interpreted as a collection of pages that are used toinformation displays, motion pictures, sound, and or a combination of all thatboth static and dynamic that forms a series of buildingsinterrelated and each connected by links.2. Elements of the Web Site or the SiteTo build the site required several elements that must exist in order to websitewent well and as expected. The elements that must exist insites include:a. Domain Name Domain name or so-called domain name is the addresspermanent site in the Internet world that is used to identify a siteor in other words the domain name is the address that is used to findour website on the internet world. The term commonly used is the URL. Example of aThe URL is http://www.octa_haris.tripod.com--dapat also without the www -There are many kinds of domain names that we can choose as you wish.Here are some domain names are often used and available on the internet:1. Generic Domains (gTLDs)Is the domain name that ends inwith.. Com Net. Org. Edu. Mil or. Gov. Types of domains is often also called toplevel domains and domain are not affiliated by country, so anyonecan register.Ø.com: a top level domain dedicated to the needs of "commercial".Ø.edu: domain is dedicated to the needs of education(Education)Ø.gov: is the domain for the administration (government)Ø.mil: is the domain for the needs of the armed forces (military)Ø.org: domain for non-profit organization or institution (Organization).2. Country-Specific Domains (ccTLDs)Domain that is related to the two-letter extension, and often also called a secondlevel domains, like. id (Indonesia),. au (Australia),. jp (Japan) and others. This domainand operated in the state register dimasing. In Indonesia, these domainsending,. co.id,. ac.id,. go.id,. mil.id,. or.id, and the recently added bywar.net.id,. mil.id, and web.id. The use of each of these suffixesdiffer depending on the users and its use, among others:Ø.co.id: For business entities that have a legitimate legal entityØ.ac.id: For Educational InstitutionsØ.go.id: Especially for Government Institutions of the Republic of IndonesiaØ.mil.id: Especially for Military Institutions of the Republic of IndonesiaØ.or.id: For all kinds of fancy organizations are not included in the category"Ac.id", "co.id", "go.id", "mil.id" and otherØ.war.net.id: for internet cafe industry in IndonesiaØ.sch.id: specifically to provide education Institutionssuch as elementary, junior high or high school andØ.web.id: Intended for business entities, organizations or individuals whoconduct its activities in the worl Wide Web.The domain name of each site in the world do not have the same so it does notno single site that will be found mixed up or confused the name of its Web page.To obtain a domain name leasing done, usually withinspecific (annual).b. HostingHosting can be interpreted as the space contained in the hard placesstoring various data, files, images, etc. to be displayedon the site. The amount of data that can be added depending on the magnitude of hosting therented / owned, the greater the greater the hosting of data that canentered and displayed in the site.Hosting is also available to rent. The amount of hosting space is determinedhard drive with the size of MB (Mega Bytes) or GB (Giga Byte). Lama rental hostingcalculated average per year. Rental hosting made from companiesweb hosting tenants who are often found both in Indonesia and Foreign Affairs.c. Scripts / Language CoursesIs the language used to translate each command in the sitewhen accessed. Determine the types of scripts are very static, dynamic or interactivea site. The more variety of scripts that use it will show the siteincreasingly dynamic, and interactive as well as look good. Good site can be seenwith visitors as well as the frequency response of the visit.Various scripts currently exists to support the quality of the site. Types of scriptswhich is widely used among other designers HTML, ASP, PHP, JSP, Java Scripts,Java applets and so on. The basic language used every site is HTML while the ASPand the other is supporting language that acts as a regulator of the dynamic,and interactive sites.Scripts ASP, PHP, JSP or any other can be made yourself, can also be purchased from vendorsscripts are usually located in a foreign country. Scripts average price is very expensive becausedifficult to make, usually in the tens of millions. Scripts are usually usedto build a portal of news, articles, discussion forums, guest books, members of the organization,email, mailing lists and so forth that require updating every time. SpecialHijab Online using ASP language (Active Server Pages).d. Web DesignAfter doing leasing the domain and hosting as well as mastery scripts, elementsThe most important sites and the main thing is design. Web design is crucialthe quality and beauty of the site. Design is very influential to the assessment of visitorbe good or a web site.To create a website can usually be done by yourself or hire a webthe designer. Nowadays so many web designers services, especially in big cities.Needknown that the quality of the site is determined by the quality of the designer. More and moremastery are many web designers on a variety of programs / software supportmaking the site it will produce more qualified sites, as well ason the contrary. Services are web designers who generally require the highest cost ofall site development costs and all that tergantu ng quality designers.e. PublicationThe existence of the site is useless without built visited or known bycommunity or visitors to the internet. Because the site is very effective or not dependsof the magnitude of incoming visitors and comments. To introduce the site tosociety requires a so-called publicity or promotion.Publication sites in the community can be done in various ways such as bypamlet-pamlet, flyers, billboards and so forth but how this can be said to be stillless effective and very limited. way that is usually done and the most effectivewith unlimited space or time is a direct publication on the Internet throughsearch engines, search engines (search engines, such as: Yahoo, Google, Search Indonesia,etc.)Way of publication in the search engines are free and some are paid. WhichFree is usually limited and long enough to get in and be recognized on search engineslike Yahoo or Google. An effective way is to pay for publication,despite having a little issue but the site will quickly get into search enginesand known by the visitors.3. Maintenance Web Site or the SiteTo support the continuation of the site maintenance is required at all times in accordancedesired such as the addition of information, news, articles, links, images or otherso on. Without good maintenance of the site will seem boring ormonotonous visitors will also be left soon.Site maintenance can be done per specified period such as every day, every weekor regularly once every month or just a periodic basis depending on needs (notroutine). Routine maintenance is typically used by news websites, provider of the article,organization or government agency. While the venom for periodic maintenancepersonal websites, sales / e-commerce, and so forth.